Make docker image related jobs push their image to the gitlab registry

It remains docker jobs which do not clean up after themselves. This regularly clutters the ci node (thyssen) disk which no longer can do its job.

So an idea would be to build the image, push to the gitlab registry and then clean up the local image.

Use the latest tag (or something) to not start from scratch when it can be avoided (network transfer and punctual use of disk but that sounds better than the status quo).

See for example the swh-apps build [1] which does something around what's been described here.

[1] https://jenkins.softwareheritage.org/job/swh-apps/job/build-docker-image/

Refs. #4709 (closed)

Refs. #4709 (comment 13724)

Refs. #4846 (closed)